You can add a new column/field in customer_entity table using db_schema.xml under your module etc folder from Magento 2.3 and Upper version.
You just need your table name to add a new field or column for that table.
I have added a new field called Nickname of the customer, For add nickname field in the customer table, you need to only add one row inside the db_schema.xml file.

How can i save new field value in customer_entity table?